Clear, accurate real estate definitions 1,440 terms 6 topics Free A–Z glossary
Property Types & Construction

Brownstone

Definition and meaning of Brownstone in real estate.

Brownstone is a historic townhouse or row house built with a brick facade clad in a specific type of brown sandstone.

In more detail

The defining feature of these buildings is the soft, iron-rich sandstone quarried primarily in Connecticut and New Jersey, which gives them their distinctive reddish-brown color. Brownstones typically feature multiple stories, high ceilings, large windows, and a raised entry stoop designed to keep parlor floors above street-level dirt.

Because the sandstone is relatively soft, it is vulnerable to weathering and flaking, requiring costly specialized restoration over time. Today, these properties are highly prized by buyers and investors for their historic charm, architectural detail, and prime urban locations. Many have been converted from multi-family rental units back into luxury single-family homes.

Key facts

CategoryProperty Types & Construction
Primary materialIron-rich brown sandstone veneer over brick or stone
Common locationsNortheastern United States urban centers
Watch out forSandstone deterioration and high restoration costs
Example

An investor purchases a historic nineteenth-century brownstone in Brooklyn, planning to restore the weathered front stoop and convert the interior into apartments.

Frequently asked questions

What is the difference between a brownstone and a townhouse?

All brownstones are townhouses, but only townhouses built with a specific brown sandstone facade are considered brownstones.

Why do brownstones have high stoops?

Historically, high stoops elevated the main living space above the dusty streets, which were filled with horse-drawn carriage traffic and waste.

Related terms